Grinding machine



y 1951 E. c. OLIVER 2,552,645

cninbjmc cums Filed Sept. 24, 1945 -s shaaas-sh'obt 1 155 l if 274 ,273

INVENTOR. E1711 5. ULIVEE ATTORNE y 1951 a. c; OLIVER 2 552,645

cnmomc'ncnmm Filed Sept. 24,1945 s Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

EDD 7. UL I 1 5 H 1 A TTORNEY May 15, 19 51 s. c. ouwsn 5 29 GRINDINGFiled Sept. 24, 1945 .6 shouts-shed; .5

IN V EN TOR.

Em: C. ULJI ER May 15, 1951 s. c. ouvlz 2,5

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Filed Sept. 24, 1945 r v 5 Sheets-Shut SV 90 4 INVENTOR.

ED.U E. ULIYEH ATTORNE a Shuts-Sh 6 Filed Sept. 24, 1945 INVENTOR. E17175. ULIYEH- MAy ATTORNE Patented May 15, i951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEGRINDING MACHINE Application September 24, 1945, Serial No. 618,244

14 Claims. a 1

This invention relates to grinding machines and more especially to agrinding machine for forming or configurating tool bits to predeterminedprofiles and for sharpening form tool bits to maintain theirpredetermined shapes or profiles as may be required for various types ofcutting tools or bits and character of work upon which machiningoperations are to be performed.

The invention comprehends the provisions of a machine equipped withrotary grinding means and arranged whereby templates of the toolconfiguration or profile may be formed upon the machine, and a templateconfigurated to a master tool form utilized to produce a form tool ortools therefrom by grinding.

The invention embraces the provision of a machine embodying a templateproducing means, a gaging means for determining or predetermining therelative positions of a template and forming tools which are mounted ina suitable fixture or holder, for gaging or pre-setting a grinding wheeldressing device, and a grinding means for forming or sharpeningpreformed tool bits from a template.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a machinewherein a peripheral curved surface of a grinding wheel is utilized forgrinding form tools and wherein the proper angle of relief or clearancefor the tool is established and maintained during tool forming andregrinding operations.

Another object of the invention resides in an arrangement wherein theperipheral or curved face of surface of a grinding wheel is utilized forgrinding or configurating form tool bits or cutters and simultaneouslyimparting the proper angle of relief thereto, and which embodies meansfor adjusting elements of the mechanism to compensate for wear of thegrinding wheel so that the relief or clearance angles of tools ground onthe machine will be maintained substantially of the proper angleirrespective of the Wear and subsequent reduction in the diameter of thegrinding wheel. Another object of the invention resides in the provisionof tool grinding or dressing machine having adjustable means wherebydifferent angles of relief or clearance may be imparted to a form toolbit by adjustment of means which supports the tool holder or fixture.

A further object of the invention resides in the combination in oneinstrumentality of gaging means for predetermining the relativerelationship of various elements associated with the machine, of meansfor producing templates for reproducing form tool shapes, and means forgrinding tool blanks to predetermined form or sharpening worn tool bits.

Another object is the provision of a machine arranged to produce atemplate from a master tool in which the template form is greatlyenlarged over the size of the master tool and wherein such enlargedtemplate is utilized in grinding or forming the finished tool bitwhereby greater accuracy of tool formation is assured and errors reducedto a minimum.

A further object of the invention resides in a gaging and indicatingdevice arranged to inform the machine operator of the proper setting ofthe tool or tool blank with respect to the grinding wheel wherebythrough simple adjustments of the tool supporting means with respect tothe grinding wheel for proper relief angle may be imparted to the toolby the grinding operation irrespective of the Wear of the grindingWheel.

Still a further object of the invention is the provision of a grindingmachine and tool holding fixture so correlated that a form tool may beground upon the wheel so that various angular positions of the toolbits, with respect to the grinding wheel, may be attained in formingtool bits with various shapes of profile or configuration.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a grindingmachine not only adapted for sharpening of tool bits which have becomeworn but which may be used to configurate or duplicate any number oftools of the same shape through the use of a template of theconfiguration of the master tool.

Another object is the provision of means for dressing a grinding Wheelat the locus on the wheel which is engaged by the profile or cuttingedge of the tool bit to be formed or re-sharpened so as to maintain theproper relationship between wheel truing and tool forming or grindingoperations.

Further objects and advantages are within the scop of this inventionsuch as relate to the arrangement, operation and function of the relatedelements of the structure, to various details of construction and tocombinations of parts, elements per se, and numerous other features asWill be apparent from a consideration of the specification and drawingof a form of the invention which may be preferred, in which:

Figure l is a front elevation of a machine of my invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional View through the machine, certain partsbeing shown in full lines for purposes of illustration;

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the machine, certain parts being shown insection for the purposes of illustration;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the upper portion of the machine;

Figure 5 is a view of the opposite side of the upper portion of themachine;

Figure 6 is an enlarged front elevation view of a gaging device formingpart of the invention;

Figure 7 is a view illustrating a wheel dressing 3 device as utilized indressing the template forming wheel;

Figure 8 is a view showing a tool bit and template fixture andillustrating a template forming operation;

Figure 9 is a view showing the means and methd of dressing or truing themain grinding wheel;

Figure 10 is an elevational view of the tool holder shown in Figure 4illustrating a use of the gaging device;

Figure 11 is a rear view of the tool and template holder shown in Figure10;'

Figure 12 is a top plan View of the tool and template holder;

Figure 13 is an isometric view illustrating a type of form tool bitprovided with both relief and rake angles, and V Figure 14 is afragmentary sectional view taken substantially on the line I l-l4 ofFigure 5.

It is to be understood that while the machine of my invention isparticularly adaptable for producing templates and forming or shapingform tool bits as well as worn tool bits and the like, it is to beunderstood that I contemplate use of my invention wherever the same maybe found to have utility.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the machine is inclusive of a frameH] which comprises in the embodiment illustrated, a base or pedestal ii,an intermediate frame portion l2, the latter supporting an upper frameelement iii, the latter being secured to the intermediate portion by 7means of screws 16, or by welding or other suitable means, theintermediate portion I2 being secured to the pedestal ll by screws (notshown) or other suitable means. The base or pedestal i i isvprovidedwith a transverse wall l which forms with certain outer walls of thepedestal, a reservoir or settling chamber 26, and a second reservoir orchamber 2| in which is disposed a fluid circulating pump 22. The pump 22is connected to a tube 23 for conveying a suitable fluid to the surfaceof the grinding wheel and on to the tool bit being ground for coolingpurposes, and to convey cuttings and abraded material away from theWheel.

extending flange 21, the table serving to receive the cooling fluidafter the discharge of the fluid upon the grinding wheel. Ribs or ridges28 .are integrally cast with the table portion 2t and flange 2'?! tosubdivide the fluid receiving table into a plurality of shallow pockets,the ribs functioning to retain metal cuttings and wheel dust resultingfrom grinding operations and which are entrained in the cooling fluidand carried to the table 2d, the cuttings and dust remaining in thepockets formed by the ribs 28. A fluid discharge opening 30 as shown inFigure 2 is formed in the table 26 which is surrounded by an upwardlyprojecting wall 3i providing a fluid discharge passage from the table 26into the settling tank or reservoir 20. As the wall 3! projects slightlybelow the upper edges of the ribs 28, fluid from the table 26 above thelevel of walls 3! will discharge through opening 36, but fluid willalways be maintained in the table 26 to a depth determined by the upperedge of the projecting wall 3!. A baille or cap 33 is disposed above theopening 30 so as to prevent the fluid from the grinding wheel passingdirectly through the fluid into the table 25 where a substantial amountof the metal cuttings and grinding wheel dust may be collected in thepockets formed by ribs 28.

The frame element 55 is integrally formed with a substantiallycylindrical portion 35 withinwhich is disposed anti-friction bearings 31and- 38, preferably of the taper roller type. J ournaled upon bearingsBl and 38 is a shaftt which is formed with a tapered portion 46 adaptedto re-' ceive and support a grinding wheel 42, the latter being disposedbetween two discs 43 and M, a nut 45 being threaded on a tenon 455formed on the end of the shaft 39 and engageable with the disc i i tohold the grindingv wheel assembly upon the shaft. A shaft sealing means(not shown) surrounds the shaft 39 and is contained within an enclosure8 shown in Figure 2 to prevent escape of lubricant from the bearing 38.The shaft '39 is provided with threaded portion 59 adapted to receive anut 51?, the latter being engageable with one of the bearing racesforming a part ofthe: anti-friction bearing 38 to restain the 1 shaftagainst endwise movement in its bearings. A lubricant sealing means (notshown) is contained within a shroud or closure 53 to prevent escape ofthe lubricant from the chamber E l formed be-- tween the bearings 31 and38. Lubricant is sup-- plied automatically to the chamber 5 through anopening 55 which leads to a gravity feed oilcup arrangement 56, shown inFigures 3 and 4.

Fixedly mounted upon a reduced portion 59 of shaft 39 is a multi-groovedwheel or sheave 6E3, the latter being connected by means of a pluralityof power transmission belts 8| to a second sheave or multi-groovedpulley 62, the latter being mounted upon a shaft 63 which is driven byan electric motor 64 or other source of power, the motor being mountedat the rear of the grinding machine as shown in Figure 3.

Also' mounted upon the motor shaft G3 is a single grooved pulley 66which is connected by means of a power transmission belt ill to a secondgrooved pulley 6B, the latter being fixedly mounted upon a shaft 69forming a part of the fluid pump construction 22. The pump shaftfifi isjournaled upon suitable anti-friction bearings (not shown) mounted in ahollow boss portion lil and in a cylindrical portion 1| of the pumphousing. The pump housing is provided with a flange portion l2 which issecured to a side wall of the pedestal H byscrews or other suitablemeans (not shown). The pump housing has an enlarged hollow portion 75forming a chamber within which is disposed a pump impeller '59, pumpchamber being closed by means of a cover 11 in which is provided acentral opening F8 for the admission of fluid from'reservoir 2i into theimpeller chamber. power through pulleys 6t, 68 and belt 6'! to rotatethe impeller 76 and convey fluid through the tube 23 to a point adjacentthe grinding wheel where the grinding is performed. The motor 65simultaneously rotates the grinding wheel 22 and the fluid pump impeller'IE. The sheavegwheels 6c, i-i2,'the pulleys 66, 68, and the powertransmission belts BI and 6! are preferably enclosed ina suitablehousing 8i which is arranged to be removably secured to the frame of themachine for purposes of inspection.

As particularly shown in Figures 4 and 5, the grinding wheel 42 1senclosed within a suitable housing 83 fabricated in two sections 84 and85, the elements or sections B i and 85 being in engagement at 86 asshown in Figure 5. Both of The motor '66 transmits 1 the sections 84 and85 are mounted for pivotal movement upon a shaft 81 as shown in Figure2, the sections being arranged for limited pivotal movement about theaxis of the shaft. The section 84 is provided with integral dependingear portions 88 which are formed with aligned openings to receive theshaft 81. The section 85 is formed with a boss portion 39 which isdisposed between the depending ears $8 and is bored to receive the shaft81. The shaft 87 is supported at one end upon an apertured boss 99 whichis secured by screws or other suitable means (not shown) to the upwardlyextending projection 92 formed on the table 26, the opposite end of theshaft extending into a bore in a boss portion 9! formed on frame memberI5, the shaft 81 being held in the boss portion by means of headless setscrews 93. The depending ear portions 88 and the boss portion 89 ofsection 85 are held in assembled relationship by means of a cap 94 whichis secured to the shaft by means of a screw 95 threaded into an openingformed in shaft 87.

Means are provided in order to normally secure and retain the sections94 and 85 in close relationship as shown in Figure 5. To this endsection 85 is provided with an upwardly extending boss portion 91 whichis bifurcated to accommodate the portion 98 formed on a locking means orlug 99 shown in Figure 5. The portions 9'! and 98 are provided withaligned openings to accommodate a pintle or shaft 599 about which thelocking means or lug 99 is arranged for swivel movement, The lockingmeans 99 is of L -shaped configuration as shown in-Figure 5, the innersurface of one leg thereof being adapted to engage and coincide with theouter surface of a projection I92 formed on the section or element 84.The locking means 99 is provided with a slot or kerf I03 as shown inFigure 3 to accommodate a threaded member or screw I04. The screw I94 isprovided with an eye I95, the latter adapted to receive a pin I as aboutwhich the screw Hi l is arranged for pivotal movement. A knurled knob orfinger piece I07 is threadedly received upon the screw I94 in order tosecure the locking means 99 in engagement with the projection I92 on thesection 84.

The sections 84 and 85 form an enclosure or housing 83 which enclosesthe grinding wheel 42. For purposes to be hereinafter explained, thesections 84 and 85 are adapted for pivotal movement about the axis ofshaft 87. The shaft I90 extends laterally of the boss portion 9? asshown in Figure 2, the extending portion thereof adapted to receive amember Hi), the latter being secured to the shaft by means of a setscrew III. The member I It is provided with a bore, the axis of which issubstantially at right angles to the axis of shaft I00, and is adaptedto receive a tenon portion H2 formed on a threaded member or rod II 3. Aprojecting portion of the tenon H2 is adapted to receive a suitable handwheel [M for manually rotating the threaded member H3. Mounted upon thethreaded portion of member I 53 is a member or nut I I 6 as shown inFigure 3, member IIG being provided with a laterally extending tenon I Hwhich is received in a smooth bore formed in a frustro-conically shapedboss H8 formed upon a relatively stationary plate or element I Hi. Asshown in Figure 2, the plate or element H9 is fixedly secured to theframe portion i5 by means of screws I29 or other suitable securingmeans. The tenon H1 is provided with a reduced threaded extensionadapted to receive a nut I2I for retaining member I I6 in assembled 6relation with respect to the boss II8. it will thus be apparent that bymanipulation of the hand wheel il icausin rotation of screw II3, thelatter being threaded into member H6, will move member ill! with respectto member I I6 and plate He, thus moving the sections 84 and 85therewith about the axis of shaft 87 as a pivot or journal.

Locking means are provided for securing the sections 84 and 85 inadjusted position. The plate H9 is provided with an arcuate slot I2I andthe section 89 is provided with a boss I22 provided with a threadedopening in alignment with the arcuate slot and adapted to receive athreaded member I23 which is fixedly associated with member [2%, thelatter having a manipulating handle E25 as shown in Figures 2 and 4.Thus by moving the handle I25 a release or friction locking action isobtainable between the juxtaposed surfaces of section 85 and plate H9.

The invention is inclusive of means for adjusting a support for the toolholder and template carrier, and a wheel dressing means relative tothegrinding whee} i! for purposes to be herein after explained. I'heforward portion of section is formed with a tang I23 as shown in Figure3 which has chambered or angularly arranged side surfaces I29 and I39which provide ways orsuitable bearing surfaces for slidably supportin amember I35. Disposed between member I3I and surface I-Eifa is alongitudinally extending gib or gib-key $32, the latter being arrangedfor en-- gagement with the tang I28 to securely retain or look themember ESI in adjusted position. Lock-- ing means is provided forlateral engagement with the gib I32, which is inclusive of a threadedmember iS-i extending into a threaded opening in the member Ii'ii, asshown in Figure 14. The member its is provided with a polygonal portionI35 to receive an arm 5% having a correspondingly shaped openin tosnugly fit the portion use, the arm I36 being retained on the threadedmember I94 by means of a cotter key I31. Secured to the extremity of armI36 by means of a pin I39 is a bifurcated member or clevis I49 which isconnected to a second clevis MI by means of a rod or connecting linkI42. The upper end of rod M2 is threaded into the bight portion of theclevis i il for purposes of adjustment, and is locked in adjustedposition by means of lock nut IM. The clevis I l! is connected to an endof a lever or arm M5 by means of a pin M6, the lever I 45 being pivotedor fulcrumed upon a screw Ml threaded into an opening formed in a bossassociated with the member 6 3 The lever I45 terminates at its other endin a laterally extending handle or manipulating portion I48. Thus bymoving the arm M5 in a clockwise direc-- tion about the axis of thefulcrum or screw I47, as viewed in Figure 5, the rod will be elevated,rotating the screw or looking member ltd inwardly into forcibleengagement with the gib I92 to cause the latter to frictionally engagethe tang B23 and securely lock the member I3I in its adjusted position.

In order to prevent cooling fluid and abraded material entrained thereinfrom reaching the surfaces I29, I39 and the gib I32, I have provided apair of elongated members 5% formed of rubber or other suitable sealingmaterial arranged in longitudinally extending grooves or kerfs formed inthe juxtaposed surfaces of member or slide I3i and tang I28 as shown inFigure 3.

The member 13E is provided with manually operated means whereby the samemay be ads l means of suitable screws (not shown).

place.

:member I 3 i.

7 justed in a substantially vertical direction with respect to section85. The section 85, as shown in Figure 3, is formed with a boreextending substantially parallel with the tang I28 and in which isimmovably disposed an internally threaded bushing I53. Threaded into theinterior of the bushing I53 is a threaded member or screw I54 having anunthreaded tenon portion I55 extending upwardly through a bore formed ina cap or projection it having a flange portion I51 which is'secured tothe upper end of member I3I by A hand or manipulating wheel 58 isfixedly secured to the tenon portion I55 of the threaded member IE l-forrotating the latter in the threaded bushing I53, In view of the factthat the cap I55 is fixedly secured to member 53!, rotation of the handwheei 5'53, threading the member I54 into the fixed bushing I53 willcause member I3I to imove longitudinally of the ways formed on tang .7As illustrated in the drawings, the member I3I is movable at a slightangle with respect to a vertical plane through the machine when a new orfull size grinding wheel 42 is used. As the grinding wheel wears throughuse and thus becomes of lesser diameter, an adjustment of hand wheel H5and threaded member H3 moves the member HI and sections 8 and 55 aboutthe pivotal axis of shaft 81, so that the angularity of the member !3!will vary with respect to a vertical plane through the machine as thegrinding wheel 42 becomes worn down'and subsequent adjustments of memberIt i are made to compensate for such wear. A plate ltd is secured to oneside of member Itl as shown in Figure 4, on which is inscribed a seriesof indicia I65 adapted to cooperate with an index line 55?. inscribed onan adjacent plate fixedly secured to section 85. By :means of an indexline 262 and the indicia I6I, the proper position of adjustment may beobtained for the support E3: by manipulating the hand wheel I58.

The forward portion of support I3I is formed with a projection Hi5 whichis formed with a pas- ;sageway' I55 for the delivery of cooling fluid orcoolant to the face of the grinding wheel at the point where toolgrinding or work operations take The projection itki is formed with acurved lip portion i31 for directing the cooling :fiuid on to thegrinding wheel. The passage I65 communicates at its upper end with amanifold I66, the latter being connected by means of a suitable fitting559 with a flexible tube I19, the latter being connected to the tube 23for conveying cooling fluid from the pump 22, shown in Figure 2. Thetube we is made flexible to accom 'modate angular and verticaladjustments of The fitting I69 is secured to the .slide I3I by means ofa clamping screw I1 I. The manifold passage I68 is cylindrical and isarranged to accommodate a plunger or valve I12 which is slidably movablein the manifold in order to regulate or vary the amount or volume ofcooling fiuid delivered adjacent the surface of the grinding wheel. Theplunger I12 is carried upon a stem or rod I'i3 which passes through anopening in an abutment or plug I1 3 which closes the end of the manifoldI58. Secured to the outer end of the stem I13 is a manipulating knob I15for moving the plunger longitudinally in the passage ISB. The plunger orvalve I12 may be maintained in adjusted position through themanipulation of a locking screw I16.

The member I3I is formed with a ledge I19 whichcarriesga support I uponwhichmay be supported the wheel dresser, templateand tool holder. 7 theembodiment illustrated, the support I80 is of substantiallysemispherical configuration as shown in Figure 4, but other types orconfigurations of support may be utilized without departing from thespirit of the invention. The support I 80, in the form shown, isprovided with a tenon I8I which is pressed into a bore or cylindricalopening formed in the ledge H9. The forward portion of the slidablesupport I3I above the, projection I65 is provided with a slot withinwhich is disposed a hardened block or face plate I 83 used as a workingface or guide as hereinafter explained in detail, the face plate beingsecurely held in place by means of screws I84.

A;gaging means isprovided for performing several functions, as forexample, determining the arnou nt of metal to be removed in a grindingprocess, fordetermining the relative position of the template and toolto be ground, the relative position of wheel dressing tool and fordetermining master tool positioning in the making of templates. Thegaging means is inclusive of a supportv I81 identical with the supportI89 and which is carried upon a projection I33 formed upon the machineframe as shown in Figures 1 and 2 Q As particularly shown in Figure 1there is disposed above the support I8? a gaging surface or plate I99,the plate being preferably of hardened material ground with a smoothsurface,: and. which is held in'place on the machine frame by means ofscrews ISI. Mounted upon a projection or bracket I93 directly above theplate I90 isan adjustable gage element IS E in the form of'ayrnicrometer screw, the threaded portion I92 thereof cooperating witha threaded bushing contained within projection E93 so that rotation ofmember I94 will move the gage surface portion I95 toward or awayfrombracket I93 depending upon the direction of rotation of the micrometerscrew. The micrometer arrangement is provided with indicia I96indicating on a rotary scale the longitudinal distance through which thescrew may move upon relative rotationthereof. For example, the distancebetween each of the graduations or indicia I88, as shown in'Figure 6,mayeach indicate a longitudinal movement of the micrometer screw of onethousandth of an inch or some other comparatively minute unit ofmeasure. As hereinafter explained, the support I81, the gage plateI99'and the micrometer screw gaging device I9 3 are associated inpro-determined relationship to perform certain definite functions.

Also mounted on the projection I93 carried by the machine frame is arelatively stationary annular member or ring 191, and disposed centrallyof annular member I9! is a circular disc I38, the latter being journaledfor rotation upon a suitable shaft. (not shown) extending into a bore inthe projection I93, the circular disc being provided with a manipulatingknob I99. I98 is provided with one set of indicia or graduations 200indicating various widths of form tool bits, the disc, in addition,bearing a second series of spaced indicia or graduations 2m which areadapted for interpolation or use with the graduations 202 formed on theannulus or member I61. The indicia I6I, formed on plate It!) a shown inFigure 4, are contemporary with the graduations 202 contained on theannulus l91,'the purpose and function of the several sets of indicia orgraduations beinghereinafter explained in de The disc tool bits.

The machine of my invention is inclusive of means especially arrangedand adapted for rapidly and accurately producing templates for formingtool bits and for re-sharpening worn This arrangement is inclusive of asupport 25%) mounted on a projection 22% integrally formed on themachine frame, the support 265 being of the same character as supportsits andv I81.

Positioned above the support 265 is a gaging surface or block 2638 whichis formed with a curved or arcuate working or gaging face 2% whichsimulates the curved peripheral contour or surface of the grinding wheelQ2. The gage block 268 i formed with a semi-spherically shaped rearsurface 2 i ll which rests in a reciprocally shaped cylindrical surface2H formed in a bracket 2&2 secured to the machine frame by means ofscrews Kit. The block 2538 is arranged to be held in adjusted positionby means of a clamping screw 2l5 threaded into an opening in the block238, to secure the block 208 in adjusted position. The block 288 isprovided with an index are which is adapted forcooperation witha seriesof indicia 2|! impressed in the bracket 212 for determining the relativeposition ofadjustment of the block 208. The purpose of the adjustablegage block 208 is'to provide a means to compensate for the rake anglesduring grinding operation upon form tools provided with rake angles asindicated at B in Figure 13 as hereinafter explained in. order to securean accurate profile or cutting edge of the form tool from a template.

Disposed upon the frame of themachine-above the support 295 and the gageblock 208 is a member 220 provided with a rearwardly extending tang 22.!upon which is slidably disposed a motor support bracket 222 carryinganelectrically operated motor 223 or other motive means for driving a.template grinding wheel 224. As particularly shown in Figure 4, the.tang of member 228 is bored to receive a threaded bushingZZfi which isarranged to accommodate a screw 22?. The screw 2-21 is provided with areduced tenon portion 228 iournaled in a suitable opening formed in abracket 229 which is secured to the motor supporting bracket 222. Theprojecting portion of tenon 22B is fixedly secured to a manipulating orhand wheel 238. By manipulating the hand wheel 23%, the screw- 22? maybe rotated to move the bracket 222,. motor 223 and grinding Wheel 2241longitudinally of the tang 225 to bring. the grinding Wheel 22 3 to theproper template forming position. It should be noted that the grindingwheel 224. is of cup-like configuration and is securely mounted upon themotor shaft 231.

part of the motor supporting bracket 222; A. frontal plate or guard 233is secured to the shroud 232 as an additional closure for the grindingwheel, the plate 233 being formed with an open ended slot 235 tofacilitate access to the grinding wheel for carrying on. template.

grinding operations.

The arrangement of my invention is inclusive of a means for truing thetemplate wheel asshown in Figure '7. lhe template wheel truing deviceincludes a fixture or holder 24!], which The upper extremityof thefixture 240 is formed.

A suitable. shroud. 232 surrounds the grinding wheel and forms a.

1.0 with a. boss. 244..ha.ving an. opening arranged to receive a member245 which is provided at its forward extremity with a tool dressingdiamond 2 .6. or other hardened wheel dressing element.

suitably adapted to true up the template grinding wheel 224. The member2 35 is provided with a knurled finger piece 25? for adjusting the.dressing diamond with respect to the member 2%., the adjustment beingmaintained by means of a locking screw 248. The arm 2% is formed.intermediate itsends with a gage portion or abutment 2458, the forwardface of which is adapted to engage the arcuate face 209 of the gageblock serving as a stop or limiting meansto determine or finalize atemplate wheel dressing operation by limiting the inward movement of thetruing diamond 246.

As illustrated in Figure 9, there is provided a means for truing ordressing the main grinding wheel 52. The arrangement is inclusive ofafixture or holder 252 having a boss 253 at its lower extremity formedwith a semi-spherically shaped socket 254 adapted to fit the supportsI30 and Isl. The upper extremity of the fixture 252 is provided with ahardened gaging block 255 which is adapted to engage or contact thesurface plate E83. The mid portion of the fixture or holder 252 isintegrally formed. with a boss portion 25'! which is bored to receive amember 2258 which is provided at one extremity with a wheel dressingdiamondv 259, and at its other extremity with knurled manipulating. knob260. The boss portion 251 is bored and threaded to receive a lockingmember 26! for securing the diamond carrying member 255 in adjustedposition. The engagement of the member or block 255 with the surfaceplate I83 serves to limit the innermost position of the diamond 259 andthereby determine the amount of abrasive material. removed from thegrinding wheel 42.

The. arrangement of my invention. is also inclusive of a. combinationtool bit holder or fixture 265 having a template support which is shownin Figures 4, 8, 10, 11 and 12. The device or fixture 265 is inclusiveof a member 266 which is formed at its lower end with a boss 26'!provided with a semi-spherically shaped recess 268 which is adapted tofit over any of the supports E80, [8! and 265 for purposes to behereinafter explained. A member 269 is formed at its upper end with padportion 210 having a machined upper surface TH and a tang 212..projecting above the machined surface 2'H as shown in Figure 11. Thesurface 27! is adapted to support a removable template 213. which isformed with a groove adapted to takeover and snugly fit the tang 212-.The

tang 21.2 is provided with a pair of upwardly.

maybe employed with the fixture 265 corresponding to similarly shapedform tool bits which are to be ground. Templates may be quicklyinterchanged by simply removing thescrew 215.

Portions of members 265 and 26$:are adapted" It is to be under-- stoodthat many difierent shapes of templates .or slot 288 through whichextends a locking member or screw 28? which is threaded into an Openingin one of'the plates 280 as shown in Figure 11. The locking member 281is formed with a knurled finger piece 288 to facilitate manipulation ofthe locking means. When the tool bit 285 is contained in the supportingblock 283'and mounted in the fixture 285, the upper surface. of the toolbit engages the surface 290 on member 289 to position the tool in theholder. A cam member 29I disposed beneath the 'tool supporting block283, is pivotally supported upon a pin 292. A threaded member 294,having a manipulating portion 295, is threaded into a suitable openingin member 286 and is arranged to engage a depending portion 296 formingan integral part of the cam 29L As shown in Figure 4, a clockwisemanipulation of the threaded member 294 will move the latter intoengagement with depending portion 296 to force the cam contour of cam29I into forcible engagement with block 283 to securely lock the toolbit285 in proper position.

The. machine of myinvention performs several functions, The machine isinclusive of means or mechanisms for dressing the template wheel,producing a template from a master tool bit form, determinin the amountof stock to .be removed in the grinding operation, determining thegaging and proper wheel dressing operatool bit including the severalsteps of dressing the wheels, forming the template and producinga formtool bit will now be described. The

first operation is that of properly setting the wheel dressing diamond246 carried by holder 240 inorder to properly dress or true up thetemplate producing wheel 224. To this end the holder 240, shown inFigure 7, is placed upon the gaging support I81 with the positioning 'orabutment bar 249 in engagement with the surface or positioning plateI98, with the wheel dressing diamond 249 adjusted until it contacts theouter face I95 of the adjustable gaging element 194 when the micrometerscrew I94 is set at zero. This adjustment places the face of abutment249, the tip of the diamond or dressing; tool 246 and the center of thesupport I81 in a common plane. The screw 248 is then drawn up to lockthe diamond supporting member 245 in proper adjusted position. Theholder 248 is then shifted from the support I8! 'onto the support 285and the motor 223 for rotating the template grinding wheel 224 is thenenergized and adjusted by means of hand wheel 238 until the templateWheel 224 is in a position to be engaged by the dressing diamond. Themachine operator then oscillates the holder 240 about the sphericallyshaped support 205 to bring the dressing tool 246 into engagement 12 l lwith the template forming wheel 224, at all times maintaining the socket24I" in full engagement with the support 25. The diamond 248 will theneffectively true up or "dress the template wheel 224 to an extentlimited by engagement of the stop or, abutment 249 with the gaging block288, as shown in Figure 7. When the abutment 249 and-block 288 havefully engaged to the extent permitted by said stopfmeans, the wheeldressing operation is completed. a

The next operation is to produce a template to a configurationdetermined by that of a master-or pattern tool bit. This operation isshown in Figure 8. In producing a template, a template blank.

213' is positioned upon the upper surface ZII' of the holder 285, thetemplate blank having been previously provided with the grove andopenings.

The knob 295 is then turned inwardly, asviewed,

in Figures 4 and 5, to bring the cam 29I,into locking engagement withthe tool carrying block 283, thus securely retaining the master tool285' in proper position, as shown in Figure 8. Before the template blank213' is formed to simulate the configuration of the master tool 285, the

tool 285' is so spaced from the surface 289 of the.

gage block 288 as to permit the template blank to engage the templategrinding wheel 224. The grinding or forming of the template progressesuntil the master tool form 285 completely engages the gage block 288 inall angular positions. During the grinding, the operator swivels theholder 285 upon the support 285 so that all portions of the templatenecessary to reproduce the tool form are brought into engagement withthe template producing wheel 224. After the template blank 213 has beenground to a configuration simulating the form tool contour of mastertool 285, the drawings showing the duplication or simulation of a roundnose form tool, such template being illustrated in Figure 12, the mastertool bit 285 is removed from the holder by manipulation of the knobs 295and 288, after which a tool bit blank 285 is inserted in the toolcarrying block 283.

The next operation consists in properly positioning a diamond in theholder 252 for dressing the main grinding wheel 42. To accomplish this,

the machine operator places the holder 252 on the support I81 with thegaging block 255 in engagement with the .face I of the micrometer 259engages the peripheral or arcuate face of the a grinding wheel. Theoperator first adjusts the slide or member I3I by means of the handwheelI58 until the proper indicia on chart I8! is in.

registration wit the. index 162 corresponding to the angle of relief orclearance to be formedon the tool bit. This relationship is determinedby manipulation of the movable disc I98. shown in Figure 6 for tools ofdifierent widths andclearance angles as hereinafter explained in detail.5 By this means of adjusting the slide I3I, the wheel dressing tool 258will engage the grinding wheel at the exact zone or locus thatthe formtool profile or Cutting edge will engage the wheel. This is essential inorder to secure accurate tool formation as the wheel dressing operationsand tool forming or grinding operations are performed with the holders252 and 265 arranged for movement about the geometric center. of thesupport I80. The operator places the holder.252 in engagement with thesupport I89 and the abutment 255 carried by the holder engagesthesurface plate I83 during the wheel truing operation, the block 255,engaging the surface plate I83, serves to limit the amount of materialto be re moved from the grinding wheel.

The operator now fits the holder 255into engagement with the support I81as shown in Figure 10, with the template 2'13 disposed. adjacent theface I85 of the micrometer screw. If it is determined, for example inre-sharpem'ng. a worn tool bit to remove ten thousandths of an inch fromthe tool bit 285, the gage I94 and screw I55 will be rotated to theposition indicating ten thousandths of an inch. The operative edge ofthe template 213 is then brought into engagement with face I95 of thegage and the tool bit 285 moved until its extremity is moved intoengagement with positioning plate or surface I90 the tool bit being heldin place by manipulation of the finger pieces 288 and 295.

Preparatory to grinding the tool blank 285 into a finished form or tore-sharpen a worn tool bit, it is necessary to adjust the member I3Ishown in Figure 4 to the proper position to provide the desired reliefangle A. for the tool, the relief angle of a tool being illustrated inFigurelB. This is determined in the following manner; with particularreference to Figure 6 it is to be notedtthat the indicia Eli!) indicatesthe various widths of a tool bits and that the indicia 20I on the discI98 indicates the degree of relief or clearance angle for the tool bit.Thus, the proper graduation of the indicia 2%, indicating the widthofythe tool to be formed brought into registrationwith the zero index2&3 shown in Figure 6. The setting of slidable member EBI is obtained bynoting the letter position opposite the graduation of indicia Billindicating the relief angle which it is desired to impart to thefinished tool. The indicia I6 I on 55 the chart ltd secured to memberI3I corresponds with the letter position 202 inscribed on the annularmember m. Therefore, in order fonthe operator to secure the properposition of slide I3 I, he simply moves the slide by means'of a handwheel I58 until the index line I62 is in registration with the properletter index on chart I60 corresponding with the line on'theannular-member I97 opposite the index indicatingthe relief angle5116371. on the movable disc I98. In order for the operator to move theslide I3 I, the'locking screw I35 must be in released positiom'thatisbacked away from engagement with the gib "I32 shown in. Figure 14. Thereleased positionof the screw and its actuating mechanism is illustratedin Figure After the operator has moved the hand wheel I58 to secure theproper relativeiposition of the slide iZ-SI with respect to the grindingwheel 42, he looks the slide I3I inadjustedposh tion by moving thehandle I48 ill'Q/ClOCkWiSGTdl- 14 rection about the shaft Ml as afulcrum, elevating clevis I40, It! and the rod M2 to oscillate the armI36 to rotate locking screw I34 into locking engagement with the gibE32. In this manner the slide I3I may be securely locked during grindingoperations.

The operator then positions the fixture 285 as shown in Figure 4 withthe same in engagement With the support are and maintains the tool'285in engagement with the peripheral face of the grinding wheel 42 untilthe form of the template 2'F3, in engagement with the surface plate I83,is duplicated by grinding the tool bit 285. After the completion of thegrinding operation shown in Figure 4, the finished tool bit 235 may thenbe removed from the fixture 255 by manipulation of the finge pieces and233 torelease the locking screws 28? and release the earn 291. Anynumber of duplicate form tools may be ground or produced by repeatingthe grinding operation illustrated in Figure 4%., after having. fit thesuccessive tool blanks in te per position in the holder fixture as illuin Figure 10.

-During 1e grisuitab1e coolant or cooling fluid is circulated by meansof the pump 22 through the'tube'23, manifold I58 and the downwardlyextending passage I56, the coolant being tu. ...ed at th end of passageI66 directly upon the grinding wheel 52 in the area where the grindingtakes place. The rate or amount of coolant delivered to the surface ofthe wheel may be regulated by adjusting the valve plunger I72 throughthe medium of the finger piece N5, the locking screw I'Hi serving tohold the valve H2 in proper or adjusted position.

The arrangement of my invention produces an enlarged form of template,as illustrated, the template being twice the size of the form tool.contour so that when the template is used for reproducing form tool bitsor for regrinding used bits, the form tool contour will. be extremely amcurate through the use of such an enlarged template.

The arrangement of the invention provides for a simple yet efiectivemanner of utilizing the peripheral curved face of a grinding wheel to.obtain the angle of relief for form tool bit-s. The angle of relief mayvary in different types and forms of tools, the various relief anglesbeing obtained by adjusting the tool holder supporting means I3I in asubstantially tangential direction with respect to the grinding wheelperiphery. By mounting the tool holder supporting means so that the sameis movable about the pivotal axis of shaft ill the tool supporting meansmay be readjusted as the grinding wheel wears away to compensate for thereduced. diameter of the Wheel 52.

The block 2518 which simulates a segment of the main grinding wheel 42is radially adjustable about a point in the center of the arcuate face209 thereof in order to provide a means for forming a template toaccurately grind the properprofile or cutting edge upon a form tool 3H!having a rake angle as indicated at B in Figure 13. This compensationfor rake angle is accomplished when a template is made from a mastertool, by tilting the block 3&3 an amount equal to the clearance angle A,shown in Figure 13, as indicated by the indicia 2 I1. By this means thearrangement of my invention adaptable for grinding form tools with orwithout rake angles, simultaneously retaining a substantially uniformrelief angle throughout the contour of the formed tool. The arrangementherein described for obtaining relief angles by grinding tools with orwithout rake angles is attained without the utilization of gaging blocksor the like, thus insuring a high degree of accuracy and efficiency inproducing or regrinding form tools and in which manner tools of the samecontour may be duplicated with substantial uniformity and without error.4

The arrangement of my invention is particularly usable for configuratingstraight line or convex cutting edge contours on form tools. It shouldalso be noted that the surface of the tool bit engaging the periphery ofthe grinding wheel to produce the relief angle will be of slight arouateconfiguration derived from the arc of the grinding wheel.

I have also found that it is desirable in forming templates fordifferent widths to tool bits, to increase the length of the templateover a predetermined standard lengh by an amount equal to the tool widthto facilitate accurate formation of clearance or relief angles on toolbits. For example, a tool bit one quarter inch in width may be formedfrom a template three and one quarter inches in length, and in thisproportion a tool three quarters of an inch in width would be formedfrom a template three and three quarters inches in length.

A splash guard (not shown) may be employed and positioned upon the table2 5 in front of the grinding wheel 42 in order to direct the coolingfluid into the receiving table 25.

It is apparent that, within the scope of the invention, modificationsand different arrangements may be made other than is herein disclosed,and the present disclosure is illustrative merely, the inventioncomprehending all varia tions thereof.

What I claim' is:

1. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon said frame; means for supporting a holderupon said frame whereby an implement carried by said holder is arrangedto be brought into engagement with the arcuate periphery of the grindingwheel in a radial direction with respect'to said wheel; means forshifting the position of the holder supporting means about an axisparallel to and spaced from, the axis of said grinding wheel tocompensate for'wear of the grinding wheel; means for adjusting saidholder supporting means in a direction tangentially of the grindingwheel and adjustable gaging means adapted to cooperate with the holderand implement for predetermining the relative position of the implementin said holder.

2. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination; a frame; agrinding wheel journaled for rotation upon said frame; a fixturearranged to carry a tool bit; said fixture having a socket formedtherein; a member mounted upon said frame; means for effecting relativeslidable adjustment between the member and the grinding. wheel in adirection tangentially of the arcuate' face of the wheel whereby todetermine the relief angle to be formed on the tool bit; and meansincluding a ball-shaped element adapted to fit the socket in the fixtureassociated with said member to support said fixture whereby the latteris capable of limited universal movement with respect to said member tobring variout points of the tool bit into engagement with the grindingwheel.

3.-In a machine of the character disclosed in combination; a frame; agrinding wheel jour- 16 naled upon the frame; a member pivotally mountedupon the frame and arranged for movement relative to the grinding wheelabout an axis parallel with and spaced from the axis of rotation of thegrinding wheel; a fixture; a fixture supporting element mounted uponsaid member and arranged for slidab-le movement relative thereto; meansfor locking said member in adjusted position; means for locking saidelement in adjusted position with respect to said memher; said elementhaving'means for supporting said fixture whereby the same is arrangedfor limited universal movement with respect to said element.

4. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination; a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon the frame; a member pivotaily mounted uponthe frame for movement relative to the grinding wheel; a tool bitholder; a holder supporting element slidably mounted upon said memberfor movement relative thereto in a direction tangentially of theperiphery of the grind ing wheel; means for adjusting and locking saidmember in adjusted position; for adjusting and locking said element inadjusted position with respect to said member; said element beingprovided with a spherically shaped portion for supporting the holderwhereby said holder is arranged for limited universal movement withrespect to said element to bring various points of a tool bit carriedthereby into engagement with the grinding wheel.

5. In a machine for grinding form tool bits, in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon the frame; a tool bit holder having asocket formed therein; means including a spherically shaped elementmounted for adjustment relative to said grinding wheel and arranged tofit the socket in and thereby position the tool bitholder whereby a toolbit may be brought into engagement with the arcuate peripheral face ofthe grinding wheel; said tool bit holder supporting means being slidablyad justable in a plane substantially tangentially of the peripheral faceof the grinding wheel for varying the relief angle to be formed on thetool bit.

6. In a machine for grinding or shaping form tool bits, in combination,a frame; a grindin wheel journaled upon the frame; a tool bit holder; ahousing substantially enclosing the grinding Wheel; a tool holdersupporting means siidably mounted upon said housing; said tool holderadapted to support a tool bit arranged to engage the arcuate peripheryof the grinding wheel in a radial direction with respect to said wheel;said tool holder supporting means being slidably adjustable in adirection substantially tan entially of the grinding wheel whereby therelief angle formed on the tool bit may be determined by shifting thetool holder supporting means to cause the tool bit to engage thegrinding wheel periphery in a different relative position with respectthereto.

'7. In a machine for forming tool bits, in com bination, a frame; agrinding'wheel journaled upon said frame; a housing for the grindingwheel formed of two sections; said sections being pivoted to the frame;means for supporting a tool bit holder adjustably mounted upon one ofsaid housing sections; a tool bit holder adapted to be removablysupported upon said means; means for moving said housing sections abouttheir pivotal support to compensate for wear of the grinding wheel; saidtool holder supporting means 17 being slidably adjustable tangentiallyof the grinding wheel to change the zone of engagement of a tool bitwith the arcuate peripheral surface of the grinding wheel.

8. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon said frame; a housing for said wheelformed of a pair of generally semi-circular separable sections; meansfor locking said sections together; said sections being pivotallysupported upon said frame for movement about an axis parallel to andspaced from the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel; one of saidhousing sections being formed with a pair of ways; a member slidablydisposed for movement along said ways; said member being provided withmeans to support an implement carrying fixture; and means including athreaded shaft cooperable with said housing sections for moving saidsections about their pivotal support to adjust the position of saidslidably supported member with respect to the periphery of the grindingwheel.

9. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journa ed upon said frame; a housing for said grindingwheel; a member slidably supported upon said housing for movement in aplane tangentially of the arcuate periphery of the wheel; an implem ntcarrying fixture; means carried by said member for supporting theimplement carrying fixture; means for moving said housing relative tosaid grinding wheel whereby said fixture supporting member may be movedtoward or away from said wheel; means for conveying and directing astream of cooling fluid on to said grinding wheel; said means includinga fluid conveying duct formed in said slidable fixturesupporting member.

10. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon the frame; a housing substantiallyenclosin said grinding wheel; said housing being pivotally supportedupon said frame for movement about an axis substantially parallel to theaxis of the grinding wheel; means for adjusting the position of saidhousing about its pivotal axis; means for locking said housing inadjusted position; an implement holder, and means carried by the housingfor supporting the implement holder whereby the implement carried by theholder is adapted to be brought into engagement with the peripheral faceof the wheel in a radial direction.

11. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel journaled upon said frame; a housing for said wheelincluding a pair of separable sections; means for normally securing saidsections together; a member supported on one of said sections, saidmemher and said member supporting section being formed with cooperatingbearing surfaces Whereby said member may be slidably moved relative tosaid section in a direction tangentially of the periphery of thegrinding wheel; means on said member for supporting an implementcarrying fixture; said housing sections being adjustable relative tosaid grinding wheel, and means for locking aid housing sections inadjusted position.

12. In a machine of the character disclosed in combination, a frame; agrinding wheel supported upon said frame; a fixture arranged to carry atool bit to be formed by engagement with said grinding wheel; a member;means for supporting said member for adjustment relative to saidgrinding wheel in a direction tangentially of the periphery of the wheelwhereby to determine the relief angle to be formed on the tool bit;means for moving said member in a direction radially of said wheel tocompensate for wear of the wheel, and means including a sphericallyshaped element on said member arranged to support the fixture forlimited universal movement with respect to said member whereby variouspoints of the tool bit may be brought into engagement with the grindingwheel.

13. An arrangement for forming relief upon form tool bits including incombination, a frame; a grinding wheel supported on the frame; a membermovably mounted upon the frame; a tool bit supporting means mounted uponthe member and adjustable in a direction radially of the grinding wheelto bring a tool bit carried thereby into engagement with the arcuateperipheral face of the grinding Wheel to impart a relief configurationto the tool bit corresponding to the curvature of the grinding wheelface; a template carried by the tool bit supporting mean for directingthe tool bit into engagement with the arcuate face of the grindingwheel; and means for moving said member in a direction tangentially ofthe grinding wheel periphery to vary the angularity of the reliefconfiguration formed on the tool bit.

1 1. In a machine of the character disclosed, in combination, a frame, agrinding wheel journaled upon the frame; an implement holder; a memberpivotally supported upon the frame for adjustment about an axissubstantially parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel; means forlocking said member in adjusted position; means for upporting the implemnt holder upon said member, said member and said implement holdersupportin means being formed with cooperating bearing surfaces wherebysaid implement holder supporting means is adapted for slidable movementwith respect to said member, and manipulating means for effectingrelative slidable movement of said implement holder supporting meansrelative to said member.

EDD C. OLIVER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 83,636 Jerfers Nov. 3, 1868565,544 Taylor Aug. 11, 1896 558,545 Phillippi Sept. 29, 1896 1,049,819Stewart Jan. 7, 1913 1,286,518 Brassill Dec. 3, 1918 1,332,009 SumblingFeb. 24, 1920 1,377,884 Heryngfel May 10, 1921 1,386,741 Surnbling Aug.9, 1921 1,638,450 Ritz Aug. 9, 1927 1,770,318 McAndrew July 8, 19301,783,540 Hogg et al. Dec. 2, 1930 1,868,266 Woodsend July 19, 19322,231,217 Oliver Feb. 11, 1941 2,381,034 Bura Aug. 7, 19 15 2,375,620Bura May 8, 1945

